Study Links Roundup to Obesity, Cancer, and More | Care2 Healthy ...

A new study published in the peer-reviewed journal Entropy indicates that glyphosate?the main ingredient in Monsanto?s Roundup weed killer?may be linked to gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, diabetes, heart disease, depression, autism, infertility, cancer and Alzheimer?s disease.

The study showed that glyphosate inhibits the function of enzymes that are critical to enable the body to properly detoxify. Additionally, it also enhances the damaging effects of other foodborne chemical residues and environmental toxins.

According to the scientists who completed the study, ?The industry asserts (glyphosate) is minimally toxic to humans, but here we argue otherwise.? They indicate that residues of glyphosate are found in foods that people are eating on a regular basis, especially sugar, corn, soy and wheat.

The scientists behind this important study include: Anthony Samsel is a retired science consultant and member of the Union of Concerned Scientists and Stephanie Seneff who is a research scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They add that ?Negative impact on the body is insidious and manifests slowly over time as inflammation damages cellular systems throughout the body.?

Pesticides have been found in many studies to be toxic to the brain and nervous system of humans.

There is no good reason to use glyphosate or other toxic chemicals on lawns, agriculture, or food.? Many of these chemicals used in creating ?picture-perfect? lawns or in agricultural use are seeping into groundwater and the residues find their way into our food supply.? The harm to living organisms appears to outweigh any alleged benefits concocted by corporate marketing departments.

Many scientists and environmentalists have been warning about the dangers of glyphosate to plants, animals and people for many years.

Monsanto is the developer of Roundup herbicide as well as the genetically-modified seeds that have been altered to withstand being sprayed by Roundup.

For more information about toxins linked to cancer, check out Cancer-Proof.

Related:
Apple Extract Shows Promise against Cancer
17 Essential Reasons to Eat Organic Food

Subscribe to my free e-magazine World?s Healthiest News to receive monthly health news, tips, recipes and more. Follow my blog on my site HealthySurvivalist.com, Twitter @mschoffrocook and Facebook.

Read more: Alzheimer's, Cancer, Colitis, Crohn's & IBS, Conscious Consumer, Diabetes, Diet & Nutrition, Eating for Health, Eco-friendly tips, Environment, General Health, Health & Safety, Heart & Vascular Disease, Lawns & Gardens, Michelle Schoffro Cook, Nature & Wildlife, News & Issues, Obesity, Smart Shopping, alzheimer's disease, autism, cancer, corn, depression, diabetes, Dr. Cook, gastrointestinal disorders, GI problems, glyphosate, heart disease, infertility, lose weight, Michelle Schoffro Cook, Monsanto, obesity, overweight, pesticides, roundup, soy, sugar, toxins, weed killer, wheat, World's Healthiest News

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Babies are conscious? Science confirms what moms know.

Babies are aware of what's going on, not just reflexively reacting to it, scientists concluded after a series of experiments on babies as young as 5 months.

By Stephanie Pappas,?Live Science / April 18, 2013

A contestant in the 2000 American Baby Derby heads towards the finish line. Crawling babies raced to see who was fastest. According to the promoters, The Boston Baby Faire, a two-day event with more than 200 exhibitors of every type of baby product, is the largest baby exposition in the United States.

John Nordell / The Christian Science Monitor

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Infants have a conscious experience of the world at as early as 5 months of age, new research finds.

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New parents may raise an eyebrow at the idea that their baby might not be a conscious being, but scientists have, until now, not been able to clearly show that infants react with awareness rather than reflexively. Even in adults, much of the brain's processing of the world occurs without conscious awareness, said Sid Kouider, a neuroscientist at the Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique in Paris and the Technical University of Denmark. ?

One odd phenomenon, "blindsight," occurs in people with damage to part of their visual cortex. Although they cannot consciously see, they're able to "guess" the location of a visual stimulus or even catch objects tossed at them. Blindsight reveals that even unconscious processing in the brain can result in seemingly goal-directed behavior.

So when babies look toward a face or grasp an object, they, too, might be doing so without a conscious experience of what they're seeing.

"Infants might be responding in a kind of automatic manner," Kouider told LiveScience. Unfortunately, since babies don't talk, scientists can't test consciousness by asking infants what they experience.

Baby brain patterns

So Kouider and his colleagues turned to brain activity for a peak into babies' awareness. When adults are shown a subliminal image, their brains show a spike in electrical activity in sensory regions ? even though they may not consciously register that they've seen such a brief image.

When the image does consciously register, however, the brain shows a second leap in activity, typically about 300 milliseconds after the presentation of the image. This pattern reveals visual consciousness, Kouider said, which means that not only does the brain respond to the image, but also the owner of that brain perceives that response and has a conscious experience of the image.

The researchers wanted to know whether babies would show this same brain pattern. They recruited 30 5-month-olds, 29 12-month-olds and 21 15-month-olds and fitted the babies with electrode caps that measure the brain's electrical activity through the scalp.

Next, the babies sat on their mother or father's lap while watching a screen with a patterned image. For a fraction of a second (ranging from as quick as 17 milliseconds up to 300 milliseconds), the researchers flashed a photo of a face on the screen.

Experiencing awareness

The scientists then analyzed the babies' brain activity to search for the two-phase pattern that would indicate consciousness. They found it: Babies did indeed show a secondary spike in neural activity, just like adults.

But there was one important difference between the babies' neural patterns and those seen in adults, Kouider said. In 5-month-olds, it took 1.3 seconds for the second flurry of brain activity to show up. In adults, the timing is closer to three-tenths of a second, or 0.3 seconds.

"It's about four times slower, actually, in the younger infants," Kouider said.?

Older babies show snappier processing, though still not as quick as adults, the researchers found. In 12- to 15-month-olds, the second phase is stronger than in 5-month-olds and occurs around eight-tenths to nine-tenths of a second.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/In93FUJa3Zc/Babies-are-conscious-Science-confirms-what-moms-know

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Nets, harpoons could be used to haul in space junk

BERLIN (AP) ? Nets, harpoons and suicide robots could become weapons of choice to hunt down the space junk threatening crucial communications satellites currently in orbit round Earth, scientists said Thursday.

Even lasers that act like "Star Trek" tractor beams were among the proposals put forward to protect some $100 billion worth of satellites from man-made cosmic garbage.

"Whatever we do is going to be an expensive solution," Heiner Klinkrad, a space debris expert at the European Space Agency, said at the end of an international conference on space debris in Darmstadt, Germany. "But one has to compare the costs of what we are investing to solve the problem as compared to losing the infrastructure that we have in orbit."

Experts estimate that about 27,000 objects measuring 10 centimeters (4 inches) or more are flying through orbit at 80 times the speed of a passenger jet, Klinkrad said. Each one of those could destroy a satellite. And even vastly smaller debris of just 1 millimeter ? of which there are about 160 million ? can render sensitive space instruments useless.

Thomas Schildknecht, an astronomer at the University of Bern, Switzerland, said it would be technically feasible to send a satellite into space to capture objects with a net and harpoon.

But more elaborate proposals could also work, Schildknecht said. These include a satellite firing electrically charged atoms ? or ions ? at an object to gradually slow it down and thereby drag it back to Earth.

Ground-based lasers could be used in the same way, though only for very small objects, he said.

For larger objects like ESA's 18,000-pound (8,100-kilogram) Envisat, which broke down last year, a dedicated robot could be built which would be sent on a suicide mission to bring the satellite down safely. Such missions could cost up to $200 million each.

"I'm confident that we will see demonstration missions in the near future," said Schildknecht.

ESA says testing of new technologies for cleaning up space needs to start soon because the amount of junk spinning uncontrollably through orbit is growing.

Concerns about the risk of space junk increased in 2007, when China's military shot down one of the country's defunct weather satellites in a show of force, inadvertently spraying orbit with thousands of pieces of debris.

Klinkrad said 5-10 large objects need to be collected each year to prevent what is known as the Kessler Syndrome ? when a few major collisions trigger a cascade effect in which each crash vastly increases the amount of dangerous debris in orbit.

So far, major collisions have been rare. In 2009, a private communications satellite called Iridium 33 smashed into the Russian military satellite Kosmos-2251, destroying both in the process. Scientists say it's only a matter of time before the next one occurs, and smaller debris may pose the biggest danger because they are harder to track.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/b2f0ca3a594644ee9e50a8ec4ce2d6de/Article_2013-04-25-EU-Germany-Space-Junk/id-4704b578e2164495bdc8ef42dba36dd0

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EPA: We Should Probably Get Rid of That 2.6 Billion Pounds of Toxic Waste in Our Drinking Water

A lot has changed in 30 years, but one thing has stayed the same: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has allowed power plants to dump just as many toxic pollutants in the nation?s waterways as they did in 1982.

Well, until now, that is.

The EPA announced late last week that it would be updating its pollution guidelines for steam electric power plants for the first time in 30 years, a move that will reduce pollutants like mercury, arsenic, lead, and selenium in American lakes and rivers by as much as 2.6 billion pounds.

When the regulations proposed by the EPA are finalized, they will affect the nation?s 1,200 steam electric power plants that generate electricity using nuclear fuel or fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas.

?America?s waterways are vital to the health and well-being of our communities,? acting EPA administrator Bob Perciasepe wrote in a press release. ?Reducing the pollution of our waters through effective but flexible controls such as we are proposing today is a win-win for our public health and our economic vitality.?

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Waste discharged from power plants accounts for more than half of all toxic pollutants released into American waterways, damaging 23,000 miles of rivers and streams. And this ?effluent? is not benign.

High levels of exposure to pollutants like lead, mercury, and arsenic have been linked to neurological damage and cancer as well as damage to the circulatory system, kidneys, and liver, according to the EPA. Toxic heavy metals have also been known to cause harm to aquatic wildlife, including massive fish deaths.

In 2010, a coalition of environmental organizations, including Earthjustice and Clean Water Action, sued the EPA to address the outdated regulations. That same coalition applauded the EPA?s initial proposal to reduce pollutants, which included five regulatory options that use ?affordable, available? technologies to clean up toxic wastewater coming from power plants.

But the groups maintained that only two of the five regulatory would successfully prevent toxic water. The other options would allow industry to continue to dump pollutants into ?unlined pits,? or would regulate just one of the two kinds of ash released when coal is burned in boilers that generate steam to generate power.?

?We would like to see the strongest iteration of the rules as possible to make sure that the least amount of pollutants enter our waterways,? says Sandra Diaz, North Carolina campaign coordinator for Appalachian Voices, a regional environmental organization that is part of the coalition of groups advocating for regulatory changes. ?A recent EPA report found that 50 percent of our waterways are impaired for various reasons, and the EPA has estimated that 50 percent of that is due to power plant pollution. This is the largest single factor in terms of water pollution in the country.?

Diaz says communities in her home state of North Carolina have felt the impacts of power plant pollution.?

A recent study conducted by Duke University researchers found high levels of arsenic in North Carolina bodies of water located downstream from coal-fired power plants.

In Mountain Island Lake, which supplies drinking water for the city of Charlotte, the Duke team identified samples from lake sediment that contained up to 250 parts per billion of arsenic, which is 25 times higher than current EPA standards for safe drinking water.??

?In extreme drought conditions that arsenic from the lake sediment could uptake into the water column, and could create a huge spike in arsenic in the drinking water supply for much of the Charlotte area,? Diaz tells TakePart. ?This has frightening implications for folks who are drinking the water or swimming in it. We can stop that by issuing some strong rules.?

The EPA will likely publish these the draft rules in the federal register in the next few weeks. Once they are published, the clock will start on a 60-day comment period, during which the public can weigh in about the proposed regulations through regulations.gov or the Appalachian Voices website, before the EPA takes final action. ?

Any new regulatory requirements for power plants would be phased in between 2017 and 2022.

Related Stories on TakePart:

? Stunning Photos: China's Yantze River Mysteriously Turns Bright Red

? Millions of Fish-Killing Plastic Pellets Wash Up on Hong Kong Beaches

? Raw Sewage: The Next Environmental Catastrophe?

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Alison Fairbrother is the director of the nonpartisan Public Trust Project, which investigates and reports on misrepresentations of science by corporations and government. She has written for the Washington Monthly, the Washington Spectator, Grist, and Politics Daily, among others. Alison is based in Washington, D.C. @adfairbrother | TakePart.com

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/epa-probably-rid-2-6-billion-pounds-toxic-175322116.html

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SKorea warns of 'grave measure' if NKorea rejects talks

SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? South Korea on Thursday warned of an unspecified "grave measure" if North Korea rejects a call for talks on a jointly run factory park that has been closed for nearly a month.

In a televised briefing with reporters, Unification Ministry spokesman Kim Hyung-suk refused to describe what Seoul would do if Pyongyang doesn't respond by a deadline Friday to a demand for formal working-level talks on the industrial complex just over the heavily armed border in the North Korean town of Kaesong.

But Seoul may be signaling it will pull out its remaining workers from the factory across the border in Kaesong. That could lead to the end of a complex considered the last remaining symbol of inter-Korean cooperation.

As animosity rose between the Koreas early this month, North Korea barred South Koreans from crossing the border and entering the factory. It later suspended operations and withdrew the 53,000 North Korean workers who manned assembly lines there. Pyongyang hasn't forced South Koreans to leave and about 175 are still there.

The factory has operated with South Korean know-how and technology and cheap labor from North Korea since 2004. It is a hold-over from an era that saw the Koreas try to cooperate through various projects.

For several weeks, until recently, North Korea issued a steady stream of criticism and threats aimed at Seoul and Washington, expressing anger over ongoing U.S.-South Korean military drills that the North calls invasion preparations and U.N. sanctions over its February nuclear test. Pyongyang has recently eased its rhetoric, but tensions between the rivals are still high.

As Some South Korean businesses have been quietly mulling giving up on Kaesong altogether.

"Our people are suffering serious difficulties due to the shortage of food and medicines and our companies are suffering big damages and pains," Kim said.

To resolve deadlocked operations at Kaesong, Kim said North Korea should first allow some South Koreans to cross the border to hand over food and medicine to the remaining managers at Kaesong.

South Korea on Wednesday proposed talks between the head of a South Korean management office at Kaesong and the North's General Bureau for Central Guidance to the Development of the Special Zone, but the North rebuffed the offer, Kim said.

"It's very regrettable for North Korea to reject (taking) the minimum humanitarian measures for our workers at the Kaesong industrial complex," he said.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/skorea-demands-talks-nkorea-closed-factory-013622996--finance.html

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Thousands honor slain MIT officer

CAMBRIDGE, Mass. (AP) ? Slain Massachusetts Institute of Technology police officer Sean Collier was remembered Wednesday for his dedication to law enforcement and his love of people as thousands gathered at a campus memorial.

Vice President Joe Biden joined students, faculty and staff, and law enforcement officials from across the nation at Briggs Field for the service to honor an officer who was already well-respected by his colleagues and superiors, and popular with students after little more than a year on campus

Collier was fatally shot on April 18, three days after the Boston Marathon bombings that killed three people. Authorities say he was shot by brothers Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev was charged Monday in his hospital room, where he is in fair condition with a gunshot wound to the throat suffered during his attempted getaway. His brother, 26-year-old Tamerlan, died Friday after a gunbattle with police.

"My heart goes out to you," Biden told Collier's family. "I hope you find some solace in this time of extreme grief."

Collier's casket was positioned in front of the thousands who gathered on a bright, sunny spring day. Music of bagpipes echoed through the field and a large American flag, suspended high about the crowd between two fire department ladder trucks, flapped slowly in the breeze.

Boston native James Taylor sang "The Water is Wide" and led a sing-along during "Shower the People."

Biden told the Colliers that no child should predecease their parents, and that better times are ahead.

"The moment will come when the memory of Sean is triggered and you know it's going to be OK," Biden said. "When the first instinct is to get a smile on your lips before a tear to your eye."

Andrew Collier said his 26-year-old brother would have loved everything about the day, including the bagpipes and the American flag.

"He was born to be a police officer and lived out his dream," Rogers said.

MIT President L. Rafael Reif told those gathered that Collier made countless friends on campus.

"Sean Collier didn't have a job at MIT, he had a life at MIT," Reif said. "In just 15 months, he built a life with us. He touched people across our community."

Campus Police Chief John DiFava acknowledged the risk that accompanied the position of police officer, but questioned whether the risk of a job in law enforcement needed to come with such devastation.

"Sean left a lot behind," DiFava said. "He left us a lesson: Do it right!

"If you want to cherish his memory, remember to do it right," he said.

State police said between 4,000 and 5,000 attended the service. The line of mourners stretched for about a half mile at MIT ahead of the service. They had to make their way through tight security, including metal detectors and bomb-sniffing dogs ahead of the service.

"He is the one of the nicest people that I've ever met," said Kelly Daumit, 35, of Seattle, an engineering student at MIT who had gone on hikes with Collier as part of the MIT Outing Club. "Everything people are saying about him is completely genuine; it's not because of what happened."

MIT employee Larry Clark said he had only talked to Collier a couple of times but wanted to pay his respects.

"It's very tough. It's still a shock," he said.

Bagpipers played "Amazing Grace" as Collier's casket was carried from the service, and there was a fly-by with three helicopters over the campus.

A funeral was held for the officer on Tuesday.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/slain-mit-officer-memorialized-campus-163649349.html

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Lobbyist for wind power apologizes to Vt. panel

MONTPELIER, Vt. (AP) -- A lobbyist for an industry group supporting wind power apologized to a Vermont Senate committee on Wednesday after a witness she brought in called health concerns connected with wind power "hoo-hah," nonsense and propaganda.

Gabrielle Stebbins, executive director of Renewable Energy Vermont, called the remarks of acoustics expert Geoff Levanthall unhelpful and offered an apology to the Senate Health and Welfare Committee after Leventhall testified at the hearing by phone from England.

"There's no scientific evidence behind what they (critics of wind power) say," Leventhall said. "It's all made-up, make-believe, trying to find something to object to, and trying to find something that will be difficult to disprove. It's a technique, a propaganda technique, and they've been very, very effective."

Afterward, Stebbins said she regretted Leventhall's comments. "I don't think that's helpful for the debate and, for the record, I do apologize for that."

Stebbins' comments came at the end of the hearing in which two Vermont doctors ? one of them critical of a wind power project near his home in Ira and of the industry generally ? testified about what they said were ill health effects connected with wind power among people living near the turbines.

Leventhall did describe for the committee low-frequency, inaudible "infrasound," that some blame on problems connected with wind turbines but that he said have less of an impact on people than sounds generated within the body, like the heartbeat.

The committee also heard from Luann Therrien, a Sheffield resident who said she and her husband have suffered severe sleep loss leading to depression since 16 turbines operated by First Wind began operating within about two miles of their home, with the closest being about a half mile away.

"We did not oppose the project, not until it was up and running and creating noise," Therrien said. "I have constant ringing in my ears that can be very distracting. My husband has been feeling so bad that he is currently unable to work. His doctor has pulled him from his job."

Discussion centered on sleep loss due to audible sounds from the turbines and on infrasound, the low-frequency noise inaudible to human ears but which some doctors have linked to ill health effects ? sometimes called wind turbine syndrome.

Dr. Sandy Reider, a primary care provider practicing in Lyndonville, told the committee he had seen "a half dozen or so patients who are suffering from living in proximity to these turbines." He told of one particularly tough case of a 33-year-old, healthy man who developed problems after a wind turbine began operation on Burke Mountain near his home.

The man "began to experience increasingly severe insomnia, waking multiple times at night with severe anxiety and heart palpitations, and experiencing during the daytime pressure headaches, nausea, ringing in his ears and difficulty concentrating," Reider said.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/lobbyist-wind-power-apologizes-vt-152558333.html

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Veterans from Iraq and Afghanistan Conflicts Rally at 9/11 Memorial Site to Launch New Careers Rooted in Community Service

Veterans gather in New York for service program orientation with National Nonprofit The Mission Continues.

St. Louis, MO (PRWEB) April 24, 2013

Ten years after the U.S. engaged in the War on Terror, more than 70 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans will rally at the 9/11 Memorial in Manhattan on May 4 to begin the next chapter of serving their country: leading their communities at home. The veterans are the latest recruits for The Mission Continues, a national nonprofit organization that has helped more than 600 post-9/11 veterans successfully transition to post-military lives by reconnecting to their communities and their sense of purpose through volunteerism.

The 9/11 Memorial event is part of The Mission Continues' national fellowship orientation in New York City ? Bravo Orientation ? for veterans from across the country, May 3-5, 2013. Following a weekend of classroom training and a service blitz to rehabilitate The League School in Brooklyn, the veterans will convene at the 9/11 Memorial site to formally pledge an oath of service to the community before returning home to spend the next six months volunteering with local nonprofit organizations.

?The events of Sept. 11, 2001 inspired an entire generation of warriors to volunteer to defend their country,? said Eric Greitens, Navy SEAL and CEO and founder of The Mission Continues. ?And veterans? desire to contribute to a mission doesn?t end at the conclusion of their overseas deployment. By reigniting a desire to improve their communities at home, veterans rediscover their sense of purpose while building new connections that help them launch meaningful post-military careers.?

Continuing to Serve at Home

As part of Bravo Orientation, the new veteran recruits and alumni will fan out across the two-block school campus of The League School to refurbish common areas with fresh paint, plant a community garden and upgrade landscaping. The site improvements will support the school in its mission to provide a safe and nurturing atmosphere for children with developmental and emotional challenges to learn, grow and ultimately, make successful transitions to mainstream education and employment. Community volunteers, including The Daily Show staff, the Steven A. and Alexandra M. Cohen Foundation, Goldman Sachs? employees and the team from Harry?s Grooming will work side-by-side with the veterans serving the community.

?The veterans of The Mission Continues are heroes to our kids,? said Hannah Actenberg Kinn, CEO of The League Education & Treatment Center. ?Like our students, many of these veterans struggle with and overcome emotional and health issues each day. These generous veterans are role models of what our students can achieve with the right network of support.?

Through their service experience in New York and throughout their six month fellowships at home, veterans learn to translate military abilities into civilian skills, gaining valuable work experience and pursuing a defined post-fellowship goal: full-time employment, pursuit of higher education, or a full-time position of community service.

A New York Veterans? Journey

Among the members of Bravo class is New York City native and retired U.S. Army combat veteran Emmanuel Byron. After returning from Afghanistan, Byron suffered extensive injuries during a training exercise and was honorably discharged in 2006.

As a Mission Continues fellow, Byron will volunteer 20 hours each week at Little Flower Children and Family Services, mentoring children and families in crisis as well as developmentally disabled adults across New York City and Long Island. He?ll also lead an after-school program for children in foster care, which he hopes will help him hone his skills and gain valuable experience that will translate into a career as a social worker.

?I want to be an example for the inner city youth?living proof of someone from the streets of New York City can have a meaningful, positive impact,? Byron said. ?Growing up, I was lucky enough to have a mentor to guide me. I want to show these kids that someone cares about their future and believes they can overcome any obstacles in their paths.?

Media Opportunities:

Film/Photography:

-70 veterans lined up at attention, pledging to serve the community at the 9/11 Memorial site.

-The Mission Continues Fellows and volunteers will work together to renovate The League School?s refurbish common areas with fresh paint, plant a community garden and upgrade landscaping.

Interviews:

-70The Mission Continues Fellows (representing four of the five military branches)

-Eric Greitens, founder and CEO of The Mission Continues and 2013 TIME 100 honoree

-Spencer Kympton, president of The Mission Continues

-The Mission Continues corporate sponsors and service project volunteers

About The Mission Continues

The Mission Continues is a national nonprofit organization that helps Iraq and Afghanistan veterans successfully transition to post-military careers by reconnecting to their communities and their sense of purpose through volunteerism. Founded in 2007 by former U.S. Navy SEAL and TIME 100 2013 honoree Eric Greitens, The Mission Continues has helped more than 600 post-9/11 veterans focus their talents and energy to tackle challenges facing us right here at home. Through a unique model that provides reciprocal benefit for the veteran and the local community?six-month service fellowships?veterans volunteer to help others and, through their service, build new skills that help them launch their civilian career. For more information, please visit http://www.missioncontinues.org or follow us on Twitter @missioncontinue.

###

Laura L'Esperance
The Mission Continues
(212) 430-6549
Email Information

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/veterans-iraq-afghanistan-conflicts-rally-9-11-memorial-170820015.html

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Longer days bring 'winter blues' -- for rats, not humans

Apr. 25, 2013 ? Most of us are familiar with the "winter blues," the depression-like symptoms known as "seasonal affective disorder," or SAD, that occurs when the shorter days of winter limit our exposure to natural light and make us more lethargic, irritable and anxious. But for rats it's just the opposite.

Biologists at UC San Diego have found that rats experience more anxiety and depression when the days grow longer. More importantly, they discovered that the rat's brain cells adopt a new chemical code when subjected to large changes in the day and night cycle, flipping a switch to allow an entirely different neurotransmitter to stimulate the same part of the brain.

Their surprising discovery, detailed in the April 26 issue of Science, demonstrates that the adult mammalian brain is much more malleable than was once thought by neurobiologists. Because rat brains are very similar to human brains, their finding also provides a greater insight into the behavioral changes in our brain linked to light reception. And it opens the door for new ways to treat brain disorders such as Parkinson's, caused by the death of dopamine-generating cells in the brain.

The neuroscientists discovered that rats exposed for one week to 19 hours of darkness and five hours of light every day had more nerve cells making dopamine, which made them less stressed and anxious when measured using standardized behavioral tests. Meanwhile, rats exposed for a week with the reverse -- 19 hours of light and five hours of darkness -- had more neurons synthesizing the neurotransmitter somatostatin, making them more stressed and anxious.

"We're diurnal and rats are nocturnal," said Nicholas Spitzer, a professor of biology at UC San Diego and director of the Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind. "So for a rat, it's the longer days that produce stress, while for us it's the longer nights that create stress."

Because rats explore and search for food at night, while humans evolved as creatures who hunt and forage during the daylight hours, such differences in brain chemistry and behavior make sense. Evolutionary changes presumably favored humans who were more active gatherers of food during the longer days of summer and saved their energy during the shorter days of winter.

"Light is what wakes us up and if we feel depressed we go for a walk outside," said Davide Dulcis, a research scientist in Spitzer's laboratory and the first author of the study. "When it's spring, I feel more motivation to do the things I like to do because the days are longer. But for the rat, it's just the opposite. Because rats are nocturnal, they're less stressed at night, which is good because that's when they can spend more time foraging or eating."

But how did our brains change when humans evolved millions of years ago from small nocturnal rodents to diurnal creatures to accommodate those behavioral changes?

"We think that somewhere in the brain there's been a change," said Spitzer. "Sometime in the evolution from rat to human there's been an evolutionary adjustment of circuitry to allow switching of neurotransmitters in the opposite direction in response to the same exposure to a balance of light and dark."

A study published earlier this month in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found some correlation to the light-dark cycle in rats and stress in humans, at least when it comes to people searching on the internet for information in the winter versus the summer about mental illness. Using Google's search data from 2006 to 2010, a team of researchers led by John Ayers of San Diego State University found that mental health searches on Google were, in general, 14 percent higher in the winter in the United States and 11 percent higher in the Australian winter.

"Now that we know that day length can switch transmitters and change behavior, there may be a connection," said Spitzer.

In their rat experiments, the UC San Diego neuroscientists found that the switch in transmitter synthesis in the rat's brain cells from dopamine to somatostatin or back again was not due to the growth of new neurons, but to the ability of the same neurons there to produce different neurotransmitters.

Rats exposed to 19 hours of darkness every 24 hours during the week showed higher numbers of dopamine neurons within their brains and were more likely, the researchers found, to explore the open end of an elevated maze, a behavioral test showing they were less anxious. These rats were also more willing to swim, another laboratory test that showed they were less stressed.

"Because rats are nocturnal animals, they like to explore during the night and dopamine is a key part of our and their reward system," said Spitzer. "It's part of what allows them to be confident and reduce anxiety."

The researchers said they don't know precisely how this neurotransmitter switch works. Nor do they know what proportion of light and darkness or stress triggers this switch in brain chemistry. "Is it 50-50? Or 80 percent light versus dark and 20 percent stress? We don't know," added Spitzer. "If we just stressed the animal and didn't change their photoperiod, would that lead to changes in transmitter identity? We don't know, but those are all doable experiments."

But as they learn more about this trigger mechanism, they said one promising avenue for human application might be to use this neurotransmitter switch to deliver dopamine effectively to parts of the brain that no longer receive dopamine in Parkinson's patients.

"We could switch to a parallel pathway to put dopamine where it's needed with fewer side effects than pharmacological agents," said Dulcis.

The other researchers involved in the study, which was funded by grants from the Ellison Medical Foundation, were Pouya Jamshidi and Stefan Leutgeb of UC San Diego.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - San Diego.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. D. Dulcis, P. Jamshidi, S. Leutgeb, N. C. Spitzer. Neurotransmitter Switching in the Adult Brain Regulates Behavior. Science, 2013; 340 (6131): 449 DOI: 10.1126/science.1234152

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/jWxZHMiyj5c/130425142430.htm

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RI lawmakers to vote on gay marriage

SYDNEY, April 24 (Reuters) - Australia named the following squad for the Ashes test series against England in July and August. Squad: Michael Clarke (captain), Brad Haddin (vice captain), Ed Cowan, David Warner, Phillip Hughes, Shane Watson, Usman Khawaja, Chris Rogers, Matthew Wade, Nathan Lyon, James Faulkner, Peter Siddle, Ryan Harris, James Pattinson, Mitchell Starc, Jackson Bird (Compiled by Greg Stutchbury; Editing by Peter Rutherford)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/ri-lawmakers-vote-gay-marriage-062021344.html

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2nd Miss. man investigated in ricin case

Federal agents wearing hazmat suits inspect the grounds around the house owned by Everett Dutschke, in connection with the recent ricin attacks, as one of his dogs howls Tuesday, April 23, 2013 in Tupelo, Miss. No charges have been filed against Dutschke and he hasn?t been arrested. (AP Photo/Rogelio V. Solis)

Federal agents wearing hazmat suits inspect the grounds around the house owned by Everett Dutschke, in connection with the recent ricin attacks, as one of his dogs howls Tuesday, April 23, 2013 in Tupelo, Miss. No charges have been filed against Dutschke and he hasn?t been arrested. (AP Photo/Rogelio V. Solis)

A federal agent wearing a hazmat suit secures a container used during a search of the Tupelo, Miss., home of Everett Dutschke, Tuesday, April 23, 2013 in connection with the recent ricin attacks. No charges have been filed against Dutschke and he hasn?t been arrested. (AP Photo/Rogelio V. Solis)

Federal authorities wear hazmat suits as they search the home of Everett Dutschke, Tuesday, April 23, 2013 in Tupelo, Miss., in connection with the recent ricin attacks. No charges have been filed against Dutschke and he hasn?t been arrested. (AP Photo/Rogelio V. Solis)

Federal agents wearing hazardous material suits and breathing apparatus inspect the home and possessions in the West Hills Subdivision house of Paul Kevin Curtis in Corinth, Miss., Friday, April 19, 2013. Curtis is in custody under the suspicion of sending letters covered in ricin to the U.S. President Barack Obama and U.S. Sen. Roger Wicker, R-Miss. (AP Photo/Rogelio V. Solis)

Paul Kevin Curtis, right, who had been in custody under the suspicion of sending letters which tested positive for ricin to U.S. President Barack Obama and U.S. Sen. Roger Wicker, R-Miss., and his brother Jack Curtis walk to a press conference in Oxford, Miss. on Tuesday, April 23, 2013. The charges were dismissed without prejudice, which means they could be re-instated if prosecutors so choose. (AP Photo/Oxford Eagle, Bruce Newman)

TUPELO, Miss. (AP) ? A second Mississippi man investigated in connection to ricin-laced letters sent to the president and a U.S. senator said Wednesday that investigators "ripped" through his house during an hours-long search the previous day after charges were dropped against another man in the case.

No investigators appeared to be at the Tupelo home Wednesday morning, and Everett Dutschke said he'd gone to a friend's house to rest. Piles of items could be seen all over the floor through the window. The home was searched Tuesday by dozens of officials, some in hazmat suits, from early in the afternoon until about 11 p.m. CDT. Officials declined to comment on what they had found or on the next phase of the investigation.

At one point, two FBI agents and two members of the state's chemical response team left Dutschke's property and began combing through ditches, culverts and woods about a block away from his house in the neighborhood of single-family detached homes.

Dutschke (DUHST'-kee), who spoke with The Associated Press by telephone during the search, said his house was also searched last week. He said he and his wife had gone to a friend's Wednesday because they didn't feel safe at their home.

"They ripped everything out of the house," he said Wednesday morning, adding: "I haven't slept at all."

No charges have been filed against Dutschke and he hasn't been arrested. Both he and Paul Kevin Curtis, who had faced charges in the case, say they have no idea how to make the poisonous ricin and had nothing to do with sending the letters to President Barack Obama, U.S. Sen. Roger Wicker of Mississippi and Mississippi county judge Sadie Holland.

Curtis, a 45-year-old celebrity impersonator, has maintained his innocence since his arrest.

Referring to investigators' questions, Curtis said after he was released from custody Tuesday afternoon, "I thought they said rice and I said, 'I don't even eat rice.' ... I respect President Obama. I love my country and would never do anything to pose a threat to him or any other U.S. official."

A one-sentence document filed by federal prosecutors said charges against Curtis were dropped, but left open the possibility they could be reinstated if authorities found more to prove their case. Prosecutors were not immediately available for comment, but the document said the ongoing investigation had revealed new information. It did not elaborate.

Dutschke and Judge Holland know each other: In 2007, he lost his Republican bid for a seat in the Mississippi House of Representatives to Holland's son, Democratic state Rep. Steve Holland, who was the incumbent.

Steve Holland previously said that during a political rally in the small town of Verona in 2007, Dutschke gave a speech disparaging the Holland family, including him, his mother and his wife.

Holland said his mother, who spoke just after Dutschke at the rally, called him back on the stage and said, "You're not going to disparage me. Now, you apologize to me."

Holland said Dutschke returned to the stage and at Judge Holland's instruction, got down on his knees and apologized, but Dutschke disputed that Tuesday.

"That's just Steve Holland being Steve Holland," he said, adding that he did not get down on his knees and apologize for anything. "He's a bit grandiose about the way he describes things."

Since Curtis' arrest at his Corinth, Miss., home on April 17, his attorneys have said their client didn't do it and suggested he was framed. An FBI agent testified in court this week that no evidence of ricin was found in searches of Curtis' home.

The dismissal is the latest twist in a case that has been strange from the beginning and rattled the country during the same week as the Boston Marathon bombing and a fertilizer plant explosion in West, Texas.

Dutschke and Curtis are no strangers to each other. Dutschke said the two had a disagreement and the last contact they had was in 2010. Dutschke said he threatened to sue Curtis for saying he was a member of Mensa, a group for people with high IQs.

Hal Neilson, an attorney for Curtis, said the defense gave authorities a list of people who may have had a reason to hurt Curtis.

"Dutschke came up," he said. "They (prosecutors) took it and ran with it. I could not tell you if he's the man or he's not the man, but there was something there they wanted to look into."

An FBI intelligence bulletin obtained by the AP said the two ricin-laced letters addressed to Obama and Wicker said: "To see a wrong and not expose it, is to become a silent partner to its continuance." Both were signed, "I am KC and I approve this message."

Curtis was already well known to Wicker because he had written to the Republican senator and other officials. Curtis also wrote a novel called "Missing Pieces," about black-market body parts he claimed to have found while working at a hospital ? a claim the hospital says is untrue. Curtis posted similar language on his Facebook page and elsewhere. The documents indicate Curtis had been distrustful of the government for years. He told the AP on Tuesday that he realizes his writings made him an easy target.

Multiple online posts under the name Kevin Curtis on various websites that could be seen by anyone refer to the conspiracy he claimed to uncover when working at a local hospital from 1998 to 2000. In one post, Curtis said he sent letters to Wicker and other politicians. He signed off: "This is Kevin Curtis & I approve this message."

Christi McCoy, another attorney for Curtis, said she doesn't know what new information prosecutors have, but said the plot to frame her client was "very, very diabolical."

Curtis, dressed after his release Tuesday in a black suit, red shirt, necktie and sunglasses, said he met Dutschke in 2005 but that for some reason Dutschke "hated" and "stalked" him. "To this day I have no clue of why he hates me."

Ricin is derived from the castor plant that makes castor oil. There is no antidote and it is at its deadliest when inhaled. It can be aerosolized, released into the air and inhaled. The Homeland Security handbook says the amount of ricin that fits on the head of a pin is enough to kill an adult if properly prepared.

Dutschke said agents asked him about Curtis, whether Dutschke would take a lie-detector test and if he had ever bought castor beans, which can be used to make the potent poison.

"I'm a patriotic American. I don't have any grudges against anybody. I did not send the letters," Dutschke said.

After charges were dropped against Curtis, he said: "I'm a little shocked."

Tuesday's events began when the third day of a preliminary and detention hearing was canceled without officials explaining the change. Within two hours, Curtis had been released.

FBI Agent Brandon Grant said in court Monday that searches last week of Curtis' vehicle and house in Corinth, found no ricin, ingredients for the poison, or devices used to make it. A search of Curtis' computers found no evidence he researched making ricin. Authorities produced no other physical evidence at the hearings tying Curtis to the letters.

All the envelopes and stamps were self-adhesive, Grant said Monday, meaning they won't yield DNA evidence. One fingerprint was found on the letter sent to a Lee County judge, but the FBI doesn't know who it belongs to, Grant said.

The experience, Curtis said, has been a nightmare for his family. He has four children ? ages, 8, 16, 18 and 20. It also has made him reflect deeply on his life.

"I've become closer to God through all this, closer with my children and I've even had some strained relationships with some family and cousins and this has brought us closer as a family," he said.

___

Wagster Pettus reported from Jackson. Associated Press writers Holbrook Mohr in Oxford, Jack Elliott in Jackson, Miss., and Pete Yost in Washington contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-04-24-Suspicious%20Letters/id-f62bb29248f44b4f976cfd7eefa343ff

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Richie Havens, Woodstock legend, dies at 72

By Gael Fashingbauer Cooper, TODAY

Folk singer and guitarist Richie Havens, who opened the 1969 Woodstock music festival with a legendary and lengthy set that helped make him famous, died Monday at age 72.?

Fin Costello / Redferns file via Getty Images

Richie Havens in concert in 1973.

His family says Havens died of a heart attack, and that a public memorial will be announced later.?A statement on his official website posted before Havens' death says that the singer never fully recovered from kidney surgery he underwent several years ago.

His career spans decades, but he may be most famous for his role as the first performer at Woodstock. He launched the three-day festival with more than two hours of music, even running out of songs and thus improvising the song "Freedom" based on the old spiritual "Motherless Child."

Steve Davidowitz, who co-wrote Havens' 1999 autobiography, "They Can't Hide Us Anymore," tells TODAY that the book title was what Havens said while looking out at the enormous Woodstock crowd.

"The promoters of the event actually appealed to Richie to perform for 20 minutes or so, because no one wanted to be first," Davidowitz told TODAY. "Instead of 20 minutes, the crowd kept him on stage for more than two hours with their cheers and demands for more."

Many Woodstock fans noticed that Havens didn't have his top row of teeth while performing at the festival. After the event, and with the encouragement of Johnny Carson, who had the singer on "The Tonight Show" more than a dozen times, the singer bought dental implants.

Brad Barket / Getty Images file

After Woodstock, Havens started his own record label, Stormy Forest. He also worked as an actor, appearing in the London stage version of The Who's "Tommy" and in the 1977 Richard Pryor movie "Greased Lightning," about the first black stock-car driver to win an upper-tier NASCAR race.?

"Richie Havens was gifted with one of the most recognizable voices in popular music," Havens' agent said in a statement. "His fiery, poignant, soulful singing style has remained unique and ageless since his historic appearance at Woodstock in 1969. For four decades, Havens used his music to convey passionate messages of brotherhood and personal freedom."

Havens was always grateful for his fans. "From Woodstock to The Isle of Wight to Glastonbury to the Fillmore Auditorium to Royal Albert Hall to Carnegie Hall, Richie played the most legendary music festivals that ever were, and most of the world?s greatest concert venues," the statement went on to say. "But even when performing in a?Greenwich Village coffeehouse or a small club or regional theater, he was eternally grateful that people in any number turned up each time to hear him sing. More than anything, he feels incredibly blessed to have met so many of you along the way."

Actor Lou Gossett Jr. was Havens? co-writer on one of his most popular songs, ?Handsome Johnny,? which was released in 1967 and was also part of Havens' Woodstock set. In 2001, the song was covered by reggae musician Peter Tosh, and in 2002, by The Flaming Lips.

Havens also had a 1971 hit with his cover of The Beatles' "Here Comes the Sun."

"Working with Richie to write his book -- a very good book, one with no curse words, no sexual exploits, but a book that shared how he self-taught himself virtually everything ... was the single most enjoyable professional experience of my life," Davidowitz told TODAY. "Besides that, he was a great friend, ?an amazing, ?fantastic performer, a truly warmhearted, giving human being. "

After hearing of his death, fans began to share memories of Havens on The Roots Agency's Facebook page.

"His legacy will live on forever," wrote Reese Karlan.

Wrote Robert Rothstein: "Richie Havens was a great ambassador of peace and humanity. His voice was unique."

Related content:

Source: http://todayentertainment.today.com/_news/2013/04/22/17865761-richie-havens-woodstock-legend-dies-at-72?lite

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Huawei sees enterprise sales rising to $2.7 billion in 2013

HONG KONG (Reuters) - Huawei Technologies Co Ltd, the world's No.2 telecoms equipment maker, expects its networking equipment sales targeted at enterprises to rise to $2.7 billion this year, up from $1.9 billion in 2012, a senior executive said on Tuesday.

William Xu, CEO of Huawei's enterprise business group, gave the forecast during a media briefing in Shenzhen, China, where the company is headquartered.

Earlier in the day, another Huawei executive said sales from the unit would rise to $10 billion by 2017, toning down the company's long-term target and saying a prior figure was too optimistic.

(Reporting by Yimou Lee and Lee Chyen Yee; Editing by Edmund Klamann)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/huawei-sees-enterprise-sales-rising-2-7-billion-075619910--finance.html

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Utah elementary school evacuated after suspicious device found

By Laura Zuckerman

(Reuters) - Nearly 800 students and teachers were evacuated from a suburban Utah elementary school on Monday after a custodian found a pipe bomb on the roof, a school official said.

No one was injured and police detonated the bomb using a high-pressure water cannon at Mountain View Elementary School in Layton, about 25 miles north of Salt Lake City, said school district spokesman Christopher Williams.

The custodian removed the bomb from the roof and then alerted the school principal, who called police, said Williams.

"Why he did that and where he took it, we're not sure. He put himself in a dangerous situation," Williams said of the custodian.

No threats had been received at Mountain View Elementary School or any of the other 85 schools in the district, and no bombs have previously been found on district property, Williams said.

A different custodian had been on the roof on Friday to retrieve a ball and had not seen any suspicious devices in the same area where the bomb was found on Monday, Williams said.

"That doesn't mean it (the pipe bomb) wasn't up there. As to who may have placed it up there, we have no idea at this point," he said.

The incident was being handled by the Layton police and fire departments and the Davis County Sheriff's Office bomb squad, which did not immediately return calls seeking comment.

Bomb-sniffing dogs from nearby Hill Air Force Base searched the school on Monday for additional devices but none were found. Maintenance workers at all the district's schools were asked to examine roofs as a precautionary measure, Williams said.

"We drill a lot for fire, intruders, disasters. That means when there's a real situation like today, everything goes smoothly. Under the circumstances, things went as well as they could," he said.

(Reporting by Laura Zuckerman in Salmon, Idaho; Additional reporting by Dan Whitcomb in Los Angeles; Editing by Cynthia Johnston, Dale Hudson and Lisa Shumaker)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/utah-elementary-school-evacuated-suspicious-device-found-200631553.html

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Twitterrific 5 updated with badge counts, Favstar support, faster load times, and more

Twitterrific 5 has just been updated to include badge icon counts, support for Favstar, faster loading times, and more. The last update to Twitterrific brought with it support for push notifications and this update rounds out that feature along with many other improvements.

The new badge icon count feature includes support for replies, mentions, and DM's. Other little improvements include faster load times, better search support, Twitter stock symbol support, and VoiceOver improvements. Favstar integration includes viewing a user's Favstar page as well as viewing Favstar info on a particular tweet.

If you already have Twitterrific installed, this update also includes a plethora of bug fixes. HIt the link below to grab the update now.

• $2.99 - Download Now

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/SvDa5GoRGGw/story01.htm

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Google Street View adds Hungary and Lesotho, hits 50-country milestone

If you've been taking far too many virtual road trips after employing the (unofficial) Street View Hyperlapse chauffeur, you may be running out of places to go next. Well, today Google has added Hungary and Lesotho (a country within South Africa) to the list of lands you can vicariously visit, which brings the total number of Street View-catalogued countries to 50. This being the "largest single update" since, well, the last big one, Google has also added "new and updated imagery for nearly 350,000 miles of roads across 14 countries," including more places of interest for its special collections, thanks to the Street View trike. So, why venture outdoors this lunchtime, when you can wander the streets of Budapest instead?

Filed under: Internet, Google

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Source: Google Lat-Long Blog

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/04/23/google-street-view-hungary-lesotho-50-countries/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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Cheat Sheet | From 'Jupiter's Legacy' to Stumptown Comics Fest ...

Cheat Sheet | From ?Jupiter?s Legacy? to Stumptown Comics Fest

by Kevin Melrose | April 22, 2013 @ 8:30 AM | No Comments |

Welcome to ?Cheat Sheet,? ROBOT 6?s guide to the week ahead. This weekend, the focus turns on the creators ? both established and newcomers ? with the School of Visual Arts? Illustration & Cartooning Department?s Fresh Meat exhibition in New York City and Stumptown Comics Fest is Portland, Oregon.

Meanwhile, our contributors select their picks for the best comics going on sale Wednesday, including Jupiter?s Legacy #1, Vader?s Little Princess and Morning Glories #26.

This weekend, it?s Fresh Meat and Stumptown Comics Fest

The doors open at 10 a.m. Saturday at the Oregon Convention Center in Oregon for the 10th annual Stumptown Comics Fest, which focuses on creators rather dealers and large publishers.

This year?s event features such guests as Matt Boors, Becky Cloonan, Bill Crabtree, Ming Doyle, Chynna Clugston Flores, Faith Erin Hicks, Brian Hurtt, James Kochalka, Dylan Meconis, Ted Naifeh, Greg Rucka, Dash Shaw, Jen Van Meter and Bill Willingham. You can find the full programming schedule here.

Friday evening, in New York City, the students of the School of Visual Arts? Illustration & Cartooning Department will play host to Fresh Meat, providing them with a chance to exhibit and sell their self-published comics and illustrations to the public.

The event, which was established in 2001 by Raina Telgemeier, over the years has featured such exhibitors as Dash Shaw, Tintin Pantoja and Jess Fink. Fresh Meat will be held from 6 to 9 p.m. at SVA?s Westside Gallery (133/141 W.t 21st St.). Admission is free.

ROBOT 6 contributors name their top choices from among the comic books, and comics-related books, scheduled to arrive in stores this week. We welcome readers to highlight their picks in the comments below.

Jupiter?s Legacy #1

The reteaming of Mark Millar and Frank Quitely is what initially attracted my attention, but after reading a preview of the first issue what truly held my interest and earned my admiration for the project is the work of colorist Peter Doherty. He gives an appealing quality to Quitely?s art that I have never seen before. Plus, I am always a sucker for stories involving different generations of families and heroes. Here?s hoping the schedule Millar set for the limited series gives Quitely enough time to stay on schedule. ? Tim O?Shea

Vader?s Little Princess

I know Jeffrey Brown?s Vader and Son was a big success because everyone to whom I showed it, loved it. However, as the father of a 4-year-old girl I?m looking forward even more to Vader?s Little Princess. Maybe there?ll be a cartoon about little Leia inexplicably belting out ?Call Me Maybe.? ? Tom Bondurant

Twelve hardcover

I remember commenting in 2008 that I?d wait for the hardback of this miniseries; that?s a long time to be avoiding spoilers. Scratch that, I?ve been eagerly awaiting this since Chris Weston posted this on his blog in 2006. I haven?t really loved anything written by J. Michael Straczynski since Season 2 of Babylon 5, but this is 300-plus pages of Weston art I?ve been postponing seeing due to my superhuman ability to delay gratification, so that makes buying this a complete no-brainer. ? Mark Kardwell

How to Fake a Moon Landing

Darryl Cunningham?s first book, Psychiatric Tales, was a series of short comics about different mental illnesses. How to Fake a Moon Landing is a bit more focused, with seven chapters devoted to different sorts of bad science ? the vaccine-autism connection, homeopathy, global-warming denial ? and a final chapter about what science is and isn?t. There?s a good bit of narrative in each of these stories; Cunningham lays out the facts but also discusses the personalities involved and how each flawed theory came to prominence, so there are a lot of ?I didn?t know that!? moments. Some of the stories originally appeared on Cunningham?s blog, where he is now running pages from his next graphic novel, which takes on economics and includes a biography of Ayn Rand. ? Brigid Alverson

Source: http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2013/04/cheat-sheet-from-jupiters-legacy-to-stumptown-comics-fest/

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College Football Playoff to replace BCS

Bill Hancock, executive director of the Bowl Championship Series, introduces the new name - College Football Playoffs - and competition framework of what will replace the BCS in 2014 at a meeting of the football conference commissioners in Pasadena, Calif., Tuesday, April 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Reed Saxon)

Bill Hancock, executive director of the Bowl Championship Series, introduces the new name - College Football Playoffs - and competition framework of what will replace the BCS in 2014 at a meeting of the football conference commissioners in Pasadena, Calif., Tuesday, April 23, 2013. (AP Photo/Reed Saxon)

Big 12 commissioner Bob Bowlsby talks to reporters during a break from a meeting of the Bowl Championship Series NCAA college football conference commissioners in Pasadena, Calif., Tuesday, April 23, 2013. The Bowl Championship Series will be replaced by the College Football Playoff. A person familiar with the decision tells The Associated Press the new four-team playoff starting after the 2014 regular season will be called the College Football Playoff, and the conference commissioners will make it official with an announcement later Tuesday. (AP Photo/Reed Saxon)

Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) commissioner John Swofford talks to reporters during a break from a meeting of the Bowl Championship Series NCAA college football conference commissioners in Pasadena, Calif., Tuesday, April 23, 2013. The Bowl Championship Series will be replaced by the College Football Playoff. A person familiar with the decision tells The Associated Press the new four-team playoff starting after the 2014 regular season will be called the College Football Playoff, and the conference commissioners will make it official with an announcement later Tuesday. (AP Photo/Reed Saxon)

Big Ten commissioner Jim Delany talks to reporters during a break from a meeting of the Bowl Championship Series NCAA college football conference commissioners in Pasadena, Calif., Tuesday, April 23, 2013. The Bowl Championship Series will be replaced by the College Football Playoff. A person familiar with the decision tells The Associated Press the new four-team playoff starting after the 2014 regular season will be called the College Football Playoff, and the conference commissioners will make it official with an announcement later Tuesday. (AP Photo/Reed Saxon)

Big Ten commissioner Jim Delany talks to reporters during a break from a meeting of the Bowl Championship Series NCAA college football conference commissioners in Pasadena, Calif., Tuesday, April 23, 2013. The Bowl Championship Series will be replaced by the College Football Playoff. A person familiar with the decision tells The Associated Press the new four-team playoff starting after the 2014 regular season will be called the College Football Playoff, and the conference commissioners will make it official with an announcement later Tuesday. (AP Photo/Reed Saxon)

PASADENA, Calif. (AP) ? The Bowl Championship Series will be replaced by the College Football Playoff.

The BCS conference commissioners announced the name of the new postseason system that starts in 2014 on Tuesday, the first of three days of meetings at a resort hotel in the Rose Bowl's backyard.

They also will choose the remaining three sites for the six-bowl semifinal rotation and the site of the first championship game to be held Jan. 12, 2015, this week.

The website www.collegefootballplayoff.com is already up and running and allowing fans to vote on a new logo. And there also is a Twitter handle: (at)cfbplayoff.

"It's really simple. It gets right to the point," BCS executive director Bill Hancock, who will hold the same position in the playoff system, said at a short news conference with the 10 commissioners of the FCS conferences.

"Nothing cute. Nothing fancy. We decided it would be best to call it what it is."

Premiere Sports Management in Overland Park, Kan., was hired to help come up with a name and brand the new system. A committee of commissioners handled the naming of the new system. Hancock said they ran through "in the neighborhood of three dozen" names.

Pac-12 Commissioner Larry Scott said, "We're clearly trying to make a clear break from the BCS."

Before the news was reported, Big Ten Commissioner Jim Delany said he'd be happy with whatever was selected.

"I'm am not good with names ? obviously," Delany said with a smile, referring to the Big Ten's division names, Legends and Leaders, that produced so much negative feedback the conference has already decided to change them.

The new postseason format will create two national semifinals to be played New Year's Eve or New Year's Day, with the winners advancing. The six bowls in the playoff rotation will host marquee, BCS-type games on New Year's Eve or New Year's Day during the seasons they do not host a semifinal.

"I don't think you can ever go too wrong calling something what it is," Scott said. "Things that make sense tend to stand the test of time."

Three semifinal spots have already been decided: the Rose, Orange and Sugar bowls.

Four other bowls have bid for the final three spots. The clear front-runners are the Cotton, Chick-fil-A and Fiesta. The Holiday Bowl in San Diego also put in a bid, but even its organizers have acknowledged they are a long shot at best to land the game.

Those decisions will be announced Wednesday.

The coaches on the Big 12's spring teleconference were already talking about the Cotton Bowl having a spot in the rotation as if it was a done deal.

"I think it's really exciting for this region, for everybody, and I think all of the schools in this region, to have Dallas as one of those sites is great for everybody in this region, and exciting for everybody," Oklahoma coach Bob Stoops said. "Obviously, everybody knows what a great and quality, what an awesome stadium it is, then the location for us is an advantage, or should be."

The first semifinals will be played at the Rose and Sugar bowls.

The site of the first national championship game in the new system will also be determined at these meetings and the finalists are Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas, the billion dollar home of the NFL team and the Cotton Bowl, and Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Fla., home of the Buccaneers.

Arlington is the favorite to land that first championship game, but the competition from Tampa has been serious.

"I'm glad it has," Big 12 Commissioner Bob Bowlsby said Tuesday. "I think it will give us a better outcome."

Also on the agenda this week for the commissioners will be the composition of the selection committee that will set the field for the playoff. They have said they would like the committee to be similar to the one that picks the teams for the NCAA basketball tournament, made up of conference commissioners and athletic directors.

Bowlsby said he expected both current and former administrators to have a spot on the committee.

"The hardest thing is making sure we're arming whoever is on the committee with the tools that it takes to differentiate among closely proximal teams," Bowlsby said. "You have to have some metrics available to differentiate between three, four, five, six and seven."

"You can't just say we like blue uniforms and not gold uniforms. You've got to arm the committee with the tools that it takes to do their job."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-04-23-FBC-BCS-Changes/id-446063d1c5354cdc9610cb34edce7153

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